1、1扬州学科基地 2016 届高三英语高考考前指导2016.6.1一、听力题的解题技巧1浏览试题，学会预测话题。高考英语听力测试的对话或短文的测试点一般都集中体现在一些主要信息上，在听力测试开始前，或每段对话后的十秒钟的间隔时间，我们应迅速浏览每小题的题干和选项，搜索出答题可能涉及的相关信息，并据此有意识地预测对话或短文的内容或可能隐藏的答题需的重要信息。2合理分配注意力。在高考英语听力测试中，由于成篇的听力材料的信息量大且集中，中间又夹杂着大量的冗余信息，在听录音时，要养成听前抢读、听中边听边记、抓关键词等技巧，科学合理地分配注意力，可以有效地提高听力测试成绩。 3运用归纳、分析、综合等技巧推
2、断最佳答案。纵观近几年高考英语听力试题，整体听力材料所提供的信息越来越大，句子长，结构复杂，所设问题综合性强。我们往往不能从材料中直接听到选项答案。不少答案需要我们能够在理解录音材料大意、掌握其中重要细节的基础上，再经过分析、判断，才能选出最佳答案。4了解文体特点，注意结构层次一般情况下，整体听力材料第 6-10 段中都有一段独白材料，我们在听这段材料时，如果能够充分了解短文的文体特点和结构层次，将有助于我们在听的过程中分清主次，将注意力集中在关键语句( 主题句)和与问题有关的内容上来。听力题的解题陷阱试题：How much will the woman pay if she buys two
3、 skirts? A. $18 B. $19 C. $20错答：A 正答： B陷阱：本题是数字陷阱。很多同学容易听成买一件就便宜 1 美元，导致计算时变成$18，而误选A。附录音材料：W: Very nice skirts. How much are they?M: $10 each and $1 off if people buy two. Theyre on sale.试题：What will the speakers discuss? A. A report. B. A computer. C. A report on computer.错答：B 正答：A陷阱：本题是信息先后陷阱。由于正
4、确答案处于对话的开始，很多同学没有引起注意，只听到my new computer 的信息，所以导致很多同学误选 B。 附录音材料：M: I know you want to talk about this report. But Id like to talk about my new computer.W: Lets keep to the point. We can talk about that later. All right?试题：How did the man find the lecture? A. Good. B. Boring. C. Average错答：B 正答：A陷阱：本
5、题是信息理解陷阱。 “it was worth the time”表示听这个讲座的时间花得值。但有的同学由于没有理解这个信息，导致误选 B。附录音材料： W: Was the lecture as good as you had expected?M: Oh, it was worth the time.W: I thought so. The speaker is one of the greatest scientists in todays world.试题：What will Susan do very soon? A. Leave Beijing. B. Go to Beijing.
6、 C. Take a job in Beijing.错答：C 正答： B陷阱：本题是人物对象陷阱。应是 Susan 的丈夫“Take a job in Beijing”，而不是 Susan 本人。Susan 应是“Go to Beijing”去陪她的丈夫。附录音材料：M: I met Mary in the street today.W: Really? Did she say anything about Susan?M: Yes. She ought to be leaving Shanghai very soon, because her husband has taken a job
7、in Beijing.2试题：What does the woman want the man to do?A. Repair the bookshelf for her. B. Put the books on the shelf.C. Put the books on the floor.错答：B 正答： A陷阱：本题是字词陷阱。由于没有理解 fix(=repair)的词义，导致误选 B。附录音材料：W: Could you help me fix the broken bookshelf now? I have put all my books on the floor.M: Yes,
8、of course. 记下我此时的心得：_二、单项选择题的解题技巧1、抓住信息词汇，分析语境，明确考点。单项填空题一般都有一定的语境，因此一定要细心读完整题，结合信息词所给的提示，弄清题目的意图，找出解决问题的突破口。只有这样正确判断，才可选出最佳答案。例 1 Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest本题检测在特定语境中对形容词同级比较结构的掌握和运用。为了能够准确、地道的表达传递信息，必须掌握合乎规范要求的语法结
9、构与表达方式。本句意在表达“Mary 总是在称体重，意在看体重增加了多少。 ”因此是在原有体重和增加体重之间有对比关系。另外，much 修饰比较级，也是个信息词，所以选择 heavier .答案为 A。例 2 Really? Who will give _ lecture? And about what? Professor Chen, _ president of the Beijing University , on the environment protection.A. a ; the B. the ; a C. a ; / D. the ; / 本句考查冠词用法。解题时由信息词 R
10、eally ?可知事先对方已经告诉了有关讲座的事情。因此询问“谁将作讲座”时应是第二次提到，故用定冠词 the ，而第二空表示头衔和职位的名词充当同位语时前面一般不用冠词，因此选 D。2、排除种种思维定势的干扰。语法规则定势；固定短语搭配定势；母语思维定势等都会影响学生的选择。在高考中，各题的干扰项都是经过精心设计编制而成的，所以学生要注意平时学习中常出现的错误；尤其要注意不受本族语的影响，重视语言差异。因为不同的民族的文化背景、风俗习惯、思维方式和语言表达方式，形成英汉两种语言在表达上也有很大的差异，所以绝对不可用中文的思维模式来解决英语的有关问题，尤其是在情景对话中。如：例 Waiter!
11、 _. I cant eat this .Its too saltyA. Yes? B. What? C. Pardon? D. Why?本题考查对别人呼唤的应答方式，英语中应用 Yes? 而不是 What? 或 Pardon?例 Hi, havent seen you for ages! You look fine. _ . You look well, too.A. Great B. Thanks C. Oh，no D. Not at all 有的学生受中国传统文化的影响，很可能选 C 项。但是对于别人的赞美或表扬，英美人不像中国人那样“客气” ，而是常用 thank you 之类的答谢语
12、。因此答案为 B。例 I agree with most of what you said , but I dont agree with _.A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 本题考查不定代词的用法。很多学生因为受中文翻译的影响。可能错选 B。因为 anything 表示“任何事情” 。但是 anything 在否定句中与 not 相连用时其实是全否定。意思是“我不同意你所说的任何事情。 ”因此与前句产生矛盾。原句意思应该是“并不是你说的任何一样事情（即每一样事情）我都同意。 ”这与 I agree with most of
13、what you said .相一致。所以应用 A 项。例 Which do you enjoy _ your weekend , going skating or playing video games?A. spending B. to spend C. spent D. to be spent 3由于容易受语法思维定势影响，enjoy 后面往往接动名词，所以有些学生就不加思索地选A。其实本句 enjoy 的宾语是 which ，而 to spend your weekend 是作状语成分，因此应选不定式形式。B 为正确答案。例 Anyway, that evening, _ Ill te
14、ll you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place.A. when B. where C. what D. which 本题考查定语从句中关系词的选择。很多学生看到 that evening 一词，受思维定势影响就会选择 A 项。其实分析一下 that evening 在非限制性定语从句中的成分可知， that evening 是 tell you more about 后的宾语。因此应用关系代词 which .例 The home improvements have taken what little there is _
15、 my spare time.A. in B. from C. of D. at 学生往往会受 in ones spare time 固定搭配的影响，在没有弄清句子结构的情况下错选 A。其实后面的句子可以还原为 What little of my spare time there is !little 在本句中是不定代词，相当于 little time ，常与 of 搭配。因此选 C。3、善于改变句式，尽量化繁为简，化难为易。解题时不妨将疑问句变成陈述句、将省略句补完整、将被动句式变成主动句式、将复合句变成简单句、强调句变成一般句式或将插入语成分剔除，抓住句子的主干成分。这样试题难度降低了，学
16、生会迎刃而解。例 Is this factory _ you visited last year?A. to which B. the one C. that D. where 如果将本句还原成陈述句的话，即 This factory is _ you visited last year .不难看出本句中缺少的是定语从句前的被修饰词即先行词以及引导定语从句的关系词，因此，首先，排除 A、C、D 项。而 B 项中先行词后的关系词 that 或 which 是定语从句中的宾语，完全可以省略，故选 B。例 10 Was it _ the product on CCTV that made the c
17、ompany the focus (焦点) of the country then?A. advertised B. having advertised C. to advertise D. advertising 本题考查动名词作主语和强调句型的掌握。解本题时先将疑问句变成陈述句，不难看出这是个强调句型，判断依据是因为它由 It was - that - 三个词构成强调句型的框架，且将这三个词去掉后句子照样成立。然后将构成强调句型的三个词 It was - that 去掉，原句变成一个一般的句子，即 _ the product on CCTV made the company the foc
18、us of the country then . 再从句子的结构来看本句所缺的词与 the product 构成句子的主语，所以可以排除 A、B 两项。最后确定用不定式还是动名词。不定式和动名词都可以作主语，而动词不定式主语是强调特定场合下发生的动作，所以 C 不符合题意。因此只有 D 项表示经常性的习惯动作或活动。4、注重固定搭配短语的积累，并善于将肢解的短语进行整合搭配。例 11 He accidentally _ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks.A. let
19、out B. took care C. fell out D. made out 本题考查动词短语辨析。let out 有“遗漏; 泄露”之意。take care 照料；fall out 脱落，闹翻；make out 弄清楚。根据句中的 and that 可以断定两个并列的宾语从句需要的是一个谓语动词，意思是，他偶然泄露了，他和妻子吵架后，两周都没在家里住了。因此答案是。 例 12 In my opinion , it is the best use that could be _ of the our money.A. turned up B. turned out C. spent D.
20、made 该题考查固定短语 make use of 。其被动语态为 be made use of 。题中将 use 作为先行词，而原有的动词与介词放于定语从句中。如果学生对此短语熟悉的话，会具有一定的敏感性。由此会选择。因为其余选项与 use 不搭配。故选。5、注意分析句子结构，确定选择方向一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语4等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。例 13 My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it.A. having t
21、ried B. trying C. to try D. tried分析句子结构，an experienced rider 是插入语，同时，主语 my sister 与 try 之间为主动关系，首先排除 D 项；而后考虑 sit on the bicycle 与 try to balance it 同时发生，可知 B 项为正确答案。例 14 Who do you think youd rather _ the tape recorder?A. have to repair B. have fixed C. get repaired D. get to repair在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面
22、这个句子：I think I would rather have the man fix the tape recorder.I think I would rather get the man to fix the tape recorder.在这两句中，假若对名词 the man 提问，便可得出：Who do you think you would rather have repair the tape recorder? / Who do you think you would rather get to repair the tape recorder?例 15 The childre
23、n went home from the grammar school, their lessons _for the day.A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished由于中间有逗号， 意味着后面的部分是状语。由于该部分前面没有连词，故不能用谓语形式。 因此要用 finished 构成独立主格结构。6、弄清从句性质，缺啥补啥，健全句子结构当考查名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状
24、语的选项，以补全句子结构。例 16 Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.A. what B. why C how D whetherwhat 引导的名词性从句作介词 on 的宾语,what 在从句中又充当介词 for 的宾语. 例 17 We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.A that B which C what D whom本题考察非限制性定性定语从句,介词 of 后面缺宾语,能够作宾语且能够
25、引导定语从句的关系代词 which 和 whom， 由于非限制性定性定语从句用来说明前面指人的名词 people， 故用whom 充当介词 of 的宾语。临阵磨枪（一）1. Sligo is an ancient and lively enough center, overlooked by its church and _ with pubs.A. rang B. ringing C. ringed D. rung2. The afternoon sun provided the clouds shifting colors: pink and salmon, crimson and ivo
26、ry, all _ against a royal blue sky.A. given off B. set off C. broken off D. shown off3. He is skinnier than when last we met but _ is unchanged.A. meanwhile B. also C. generally D. otherwise4. For Western readers, one of the pleasures of reading Liu Cixin, the author of “The Three Body Problem,”(三体)
27、 is that his stories _ entirely different resources.A. draw on B. put on C. rely on D. take on5. I was driving on the highway when the news _ on the radio of a serious car crash in Changzhou.A. hit B. broke C. released D. described6. Chinese traditional wisdom asks you to act like water: to be flexi
28、ble _ strong.A. as good as B. as well as C. as far as D. as long as7. If you _ see Mr. Lambert in Boston, please give him my respect.5A. can B. must C. should D. need8. - You want to see me, Miss Lin?- Yes, come in. I _ about your exam paper with your parents.A. talk B. was talking C. have been talk
29、ing D. had talked9. Because so few adults can remember the details of their own kindergarten, it can be hard to _ just how much early education has been transformed over the past two decades.A. discriminate B. acknowledge C. distinguish D. appreciate10. He is rather difficult to make friends with, b
30、ut the friendship of his, _，is truer than that of anybody elses.A. while gained B. when to gain C. after gaining D. once gained11. It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately.A. If ever B. If not C. If anything D. If so12. I was only joking
31、 when I said Tom was silly; who _ he took it seriously?A. thought B. had thought C. would think D. would have thought13. - Havent I told you that you should be home earlier? - Yes, but I _ home earlier than I usually do. A. was coming B. have come C. came D. had come14. -How about buying Tim a mobil
32、e phone ? After all, he isnt a boy any more.-I think its necessary, for we sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner.A. will come B. comes C. has come D. would come15. The assailants targeted six sites Friday night in Paris, _ a massacre at a concert hall _ at least 80 people were killed.
33、A. the deadliest was, that B. the deadliest was, whereC. the deadliest being, where D. the deadliest being, which16. Star Wars: The Force Awakens took 12 days to earn $1 billion worldwide, _ the fastest movie _ such a feat.A. became, achieving B. to become, to achieve C. becoming, to achieve D. havi
34、ng become, achieving17. Theres _ out there for everyone. You just have to wait for life to bring them into your life.A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody18. Remember that you cannot cancel the order _ youve signed.A. once B. before C. though D. unless19. I _ away, but I knew I had to stay w
35、ith the injured driver until the ambulance arrived.A. would have walked B. must have walked C. Shall have walked D. could have walked20. The aluminas speech touched the 11th-graders heart, _ them to pursue their dreams.A. to inspire B. inspired C. inspiring D. having inspired临阵磨枪（二）1. International
36、situation is currently undergoing great changes _ UNESCO plays an irreplaceable role in promoting international cooperation.A. which B. what C. where D. that62. The CCTV show Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse peoples _ in the
37、Chinese language.A. response B. enthusiasm C. significance D. consequence3. Netizens turned the weibo account of Chinas second richest man into a battlefield debating charity giving after other celebrities publicized their donations. _ the netizens questions, Jack Ma said he was bothered when he own
38、ed more than 10 million yuan. A. In a gesture to B. In honor of C. In response to D. In association with4. With the word PM 2.5 _ appearing in media reports, people pay greater attention to it and seek health tips for smoggy days.A. immediately B. consequently C. permanently D. constantly5. Where fo
39、od programs once turned chefs into stars, The Twelve Feng Taste turns stars into chefs. Singer-actor Nicholas Tse _ it, the reality TV show returned for a second season last month on Zhejiang Television.A. hosted B. hosting C. hosts D. is hosting6. When it comes to the majority of the latest technol
40、ogies in the next 20 years, _ has greater potential than the technology being developed in these young peoples company, _ in my eyes will lead to a revolution.A. nothing; which B. none; where C. nothing; where D. none; which7. What a pity! Their experiment is a failure.They _ better under more favor
41、able conditions. A. should have done B. could have done C. must have done D. may have done8. When the questions got personal during the talk show, the actress _ in tears as she opened up about the wounds she suffered.A. broke up B. broke down C. broke out D. broke through9. Im sorry to tell you that
42、 you made a mistake in your test. How can that be? I did it _ in class. A. as told B. as am told C. as telling D. as I told 10. How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? A. them B. one C. those D. it11.
43、Professor Smith, Id like to take a gap year to Africa to serve in a global anti-Aids campaign.Good idea, _ you can afford the time.A. provided that B. in case C. even if D. so that12. -How do you think I can make up with Tom?-Put aside _ you disagree and try to find _ you have in common.A. what; wha
44、t B. where; what C. what; where D. what; whether13. With a view to fighting against crimes online, the authority hosted an anti-piracy concert with over 100 pop singers, _ fans not to buy pirated music and movies.A. urging B. to urge C. having urged D. urged714. Having a glass of water first thing i
45、n the morning helps rid your body of poisonous substances that _ overnight.A. were stored B. had been stored C. are being stored D. have been stored15. Shall we make an appointment at 9 oclock this Sunday morning?_. I will be available the whole morning.A. It counts for nothing B. That suits me fine
46、 C. It makes no difference D. Go right ahead16. - Im going to drive home.- _! Youve drunk too much.A. Take your time B. Go ahead C. Keep in touch D. Come on17. Life is ten percent _ you make it and ninety percent how you take it.A. where B. that C. what D. which18. The animals that are having winter sleep look as good as dead. You _ wake them up by touching.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. shouldnt19. It wasnt _
