1、2015“外研社杯全国英语阅读大赛”样题一、2015 年“外研社杯 全国英语阅读大赛”比赛内容包含四个环节：PartRead and Know（读以明己）PartRead and Reason（读以察世）Part Read and Question（读以启思）Part Read and Create（读以言志）二、比赛样题仅为 2015 年阅读大赛赛题的内容和形式样例，并非完整试卷。三、大赛的模拟赛、复赛和决赛都将包含样题的四个环节，但各环节的赛题内容和形式会根据不同阶段比赛有所变化。四、大赛的初赛由参赛学校参考样题内容自行命题，组委会不做硬性规定。五、 “PartRead and Know（
2、读以明己） ”部分不计成绩，根据参赛选手打听情况给予个性化反馈。六、 “Part Read and Create（读以言志） ”部分，组委会将在赛前公布大赛推荐阅读书单。Part I Read and KnowIn this part, you will read some questions about your abilities or personalities. Read as fast as you can and choose the answer that you think best describes yourself.Are You Charismatic?Charisma
3、 is the magnetic power that attracts people to you. It wont affect the quality of your work or provide you with wonderful original ideas, but it remains one of the most vital talents if you want to make it big in life. If people who dont even understand what youre talking about believe that you are
4、a genius, you will have made it. The following test will decide whether youve got what it takes.1) Do people find themselves attracted to you?A. Yes, it can be embarrassing sometimeB. No, no more than other people.C. I suppose they do a bit.2) Do you find that people agree with you regardless of the
5、 quality of your arguments?A. No, never.B. Not that often.C. All the time.3) Would you find it easy to attract followers?A. No, not at all.B. Not very easy.C. Yes, its really no problem.4) Do you find casual acquaintances open up and tell you their life stories in intimate detail?A. Occasionally.B.
6、Never.C. Happens all the time. Sometimes I just cant get away.Part II Read and ReasonIn this part, you will read texts of different forms and genres. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions based on your comprehension, analysis and inferences of the texts.1. Among the four statement
7、s below, one statement is the main point, and the other three are specific support for the point. Identify the main point with P and the specific support with S. _A. Hungry bears searching for food often threaten hikers._B. Hiking on that mountain trail can be very dangerous._C. Severe weather devel
8、ops quickly, leaving hikers exposed to storms and cold._D. When it rains, the trail, which is very steep at some points, becomes slippery.2. Read the following cartoon. Put a tick by the three statements that are most logically based on the information suggested by the cartoon._A. Lucy has just crit
9、icized the boy, Linus._B. Linus feels Lucys criticism is valid._C. Lucy feels very guilty that Linus has taken her criticism badly._D. Lucy doesnt seem to realize that people may accept constructive criticism but reject destructive criticism._E. The cartoonist believes we should never criticize othe
10、rs._F. The cartoonist believes its best to criticize others in a constructive way.3. Read an extract of an advertisement. Choose the answer which you think fits each question best according to the text.Young Environmental Journalist CompetitionHow to Enter If you are aged 16-25, were looking for ori
11、ginal articles of 1000 words (or less) with an environmental or conversation theme. The closing date for entries is 30 December, 2015. Your article should show proof of investigative research, rather than reying solely on information from the Internet and phone interviews. You dont have to go far. A
12、 report on pollution in a local stream would be as valid as a piece about the remotest rain forest. Your article should show you are passionate and knowledgeable about environmental issues. It should also be objective and accurate, while being creative enough to hold the readers interest. We are not
13、 looking for “think pieces” or opinion columns. Your aim should be to advance understanding and awareness of environmental issues. You should be able to convey complex ideas of readers of this general interest magazine in an engaging and authoritative manner. Facts or information contained in short-
14、listed articles will be checked. Read the rules carefully.1) Before entering for the competition, young people must have _A. Conducted some relevant research in their local area.B. Gained a qualification in experimental research.C. Uncovered some of the evidence in the research b themselves.D. Consu
15、lted a number of specialists on the subject under research. 2) The articles submitted must _A. Focus on straightforward concepts.B. Include a range of views.C. Be accessible to non-specialistD. Reveal the writers standpoint.4. Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that
16、 follows.(1) Johnny Apple seed, one of the gentlest and most beloved of American folk heroes, was born in 1774 in Leominster, Massachusetts. (2) His real name was John Chapman. (3) Chapmans early life was full of misfortune. (4) First, his father left home to fight in the Revolutionary War. (5) Then
17、 Johns mother and baby brother died before Johns second birthday. (6) However, Johns fortunes improved when his father returned and remarried, and by the time John was in his teens, he had ten brothers and sisters.(7) As a young man, John began traveling west on foot, stopping to clear land and plan
18、t the apple seeds he always carried with him. (8) Settlers who followed Johns path were delighted to find young apple orchards dotting the landscape.(9) John was a friendly fellow who often stopped to visit with families along his way, entertaining them with stories of his travels. (10) Tales of his
19、 exploits followed him through Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana. (11) Many of the stories were true. (12) For instance, John really did travel barefoot through the snow, lived on the friendliest of terms with Indian tribes, and refused to shoot any animal. (13) Other tales about John, however, were e
20、xaggerations. (14) Settlers said, for example, that he slept in the treetops and talked to the birds or that he had once been carried off by a giant eagle. (15) Johnny Appleseed never stopped traveling until his death in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1845.1) Sentence 1 is a statement of _A. fact B. opinio
21、n C. fact and opinion2) The details in sentences 4 and 5 support the point or points in _A. sentence 1B. sentence 2C. sentence 3D. sentence 63) The relationship between sentences 3 and 6 is one of _.A. contrastB. additionC. cause and effectD. comparison4) We can conclude that Johnny Appleseed _.A. p
22、rovided apples for numerous settlersB. was quickly forgotten by the settlersC. grew wealthy by selling his apple treesD. left home because of problems with his family5) The passage suggests that Johnny Appleseed _.A. grew weary of travelingB. had great respect for other people and animalsC. lived a
23、very short but rich lifeD. planted many trees other than apple trees6) The tone of the passage is _.A. pessimisticB. bitter and impassionedC. amused and excitedD. straightforward with a touch of admiration7) Which is the most appropriate title for this selection?A. The Planting of American Apple Orc
24、hardsB. Folk Heroes of AmericaC. Settlers Recall Johnny AppleseedD. The Life and Legend of John Chapman5. Read the passage below. Then choose the best answer to each question that follows.(1) Television has transformed politics in the United States by changing the way in which information is dissemi
25、nated, by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizens patterns of response to politics. (2) By giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the political party in the selection of the major party candidates. (3) By centering politics on the perso
26、n of the candidate, television accelerated the citizens focus on character rather than issues.(4) Television has altered the forms of political communication as well. (5) The messages on which most of us rely are briefer than they once were. (6) The stump speech, a political speech given by travelin
27、g politicians and lasting 11/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth-century political discourse, has given way to the 30-second advertisement and the 10-second “sound bite” in broadcast news. (7) Increasingly the audience for speeches is not that standing in front of the politician but rather
28、the viewing audience who will hear and see a snippet of the speech on the news.(8) In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. (9) In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue
29、in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others. (10) In snippets, politicians assert but do not argue.(11) Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it requires a changed political sty
30、le that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old-style stump speech. (12) Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures rather than memorable words. (13) Schools teach us to analyze words and print. (14) However, in a world i
31、n which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.(15) Recognizing the power of televisions pictures, politicians craft televisual, staged events, called pseudo-event, designed to attract media coverage. (16) Much of the political activity we see on televisio
32、n news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relations advisers for televised consumption. (17) Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly sound like advertisements.1) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Citizens in the United States are
33、 now more informed about political issue because of television coverage.B. Citizens in the United States prefer to see politicians on television instead of in person.C. Politics in the United States has become substantially more controversial since the introduction of television.D. Politics in the U
34、nited States has been significantly changed by television.2) The word “disseminated” in sentence 1 is closest in meaning to_.A. analyzedB. discussedC. spreadD. stored3) It can be inferred that before the introduction of television, political parties _.A. had more influence over the selection of poli
35、tical candidatesB. spent more money to promote their political candidatesC. attracted more membersD. received more money4) The author mentions the “stump speech” in sentence 6 as an example of _.A. an event created by politicians to attract media attentionB. an interactive discussion between two pol
36、iticiansC. a kind of political presentation typical of the nineteenth centuryD. a style of speech common to televised political events5) The word “that” in sentence 7 refers to _.A. audienceB. broadcast newsC. politicianD. advertisement6) According to the passage, as compared with televised speeches
37、, traditional political discourse was more successful at _.A. allowing news coverage of political candidatesB. placing political issues within a historical contextC. making politics seem more intimate to citizensD. providing detailed information about a candidates private behavior7) The author state
38、s that “politicians assert but do not argue” in sentence 9 in order to suggest that politicians _.A. make claims without providing reasons for the claimsB. take stronger positions on issues than in the pastC. enjoy explaining the issue to broadcastersD. dislike having to explain their own positions
39、on issues to citizens8) The purpose of paragraph 4 is to suggest that_.A. politicians will need to learn to become more personal when meeting citizensB. politicians who are considered very attractive are favored by citizens over politicians who are less attractiveC. citizens tend to favor a politici
40、an who analyzed the issue over one who did notD. citizens will need to learn how to evaluate visual political images in order to become better informed9) Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A. Political presentations today are more like advertisements than in the past.B. Po
41、liticians today tend to be more familiar with the views of citizens than in the past.C. Citizens today are less informed about a politicians character than in the past.D. Political speeches today focus more on details about issues than in the past.Part III Read and QuestionIn this part, you will rea
42、d about related or contradictory views on a variety of issues. You will be required to identify the writers position and evaluate the effectiveness of the writers arguments. Read the following two passages and answer the questions.Passage AWhile On the origin of Species created a great stir when it
43、was published in 1859, Darwinian thought was almost completely out of vogue by the turn of the twentieth century. It took Ronald Fishers “Great Synthesis” of the 1920s, which combined the genetic work of Gregor Mendel with Darwins ideas about natural selection, and Theodosius Dobzhanskys “Modern Syn
44、thesis” of the 1930s, which was built upon Fishers work with genetics within a species by focusing on how genetic variation could cause the origin of a new species, to begin to rehabilitate Darwin.Yet, what is remarkable is how very prescient Darwin, working without knowledge of the mechanisms of he
45、redity, proved to be. As prominent biologist Ernst Mayr notes, what made Darwinian theory so remarkable was his emphasis on “population thinking”. This contrasts to Jean-Baptiste Lamarcks theory of evolution, popular throughout the nineteenth century, which posited that individuals changed personal
46、actions and will. Lamarckian theory is often exemplified by a giraffe constantly reaching up to eat leaves off high branches and passing on its lengthened neck to its children.Such explanations bore a strong resemblance to childrens fables (and indeed Rudyard Kiplings late-nineteenth-century Just So
47、 Stories was built upon Lamarckian theories). Where Darwin differed was his insistence that significant variation was not based within one particular individual, but rather in the breeding population as a whole. Natural selection was not based on the actions or goals of one individual, but variation
48、s in the average character of the species.Passage BAs Peter Bowler points out in his aptly named The Non-Darwinian Revolution: Reinterpreting a Historical Myth, nineteenth-century Darwinism was quite different from the Darwinism of today. Thomas Huxley, “Darwins Bulldog”, so called because of his ti
49、reless public campaigning for Darwinian thought, exemplifies this difference. As a result of his advocacy, by the end of the nineteenth century Huxley was the vehicle for Darwinian thought. Noted science fiction writer H. G. Wells, for instance, garnered all of his information about natural selection and evolution through Huxleys lectures. Yet Huxleys theory varied significantly from that of Darwin, foc
