1、Dental caries,Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, cavities, or caries, is a breakdown of teeth due to activities of bacteria.,Signs and symptoms,1.demineralization of enamelchalky white spot microcavitycavitation(unreverseble) dark brown and shiny(dental tubules),2. pain transientfractureconst
2、antno longer be sensitive to hot or cold,3.infectionconstant painspreadinglife-threatening complications,(1) micro-organisms in dental plaque (2) a susceptible tooth surface (3) time (4) must be present together for dental caries to occur (5) Saliva (6) and fluoride (7) are modifying factors,Enamel-
3、Dentin,diagnosis,1.visual inspection (may do harm to tooth)2.Dental radiographs (X-rays)3.air blowing,treatment,prevention,1.Oral hygiene2.Dietary modification3.Other measuresdental sealantsCalcium& Fluorideoral health assessment,Pulpitis &Periapical periodontitis,causes,Pulpitis may be caused by de
4、ntal caries that penetrate through the enamel and dentin to reach the pulp, or it may be a result of trauma, such as thermal insult from repeated dental procedures.inflammatory lesion around the apex of a tooth root which is caused by bacterial invasion of the pulp of the tooth,pressure,pulp inflame
5、d,pressure begins to build up in the pulp cavity, exerting pressure on the nerve of the tooth and the surrounding tissues. the pulp cavity is surrounded by dentin, a hard tissue that does not allow for pressure dissipationPulpitis can often create so much pressure on the tooth nerve that causes the referred pain,Treatment,Treatment options antibiotic therapy (not a permanent solution), endodontic (root canal) therapyextraction.,
