1、 1 2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生 英语听力测试大纲 根据甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试改革方案（试行），结合我省实际， 2018 年我省普通高校招生考试英语听力仍在高考之外进行，采取全省统一组织的办法。甘肃省教育科学研究所为此编写了 2018 年甘肃省普通高等学校招生英语听力测试大纲，并制定了命题原则、命题程序及方法。“测试大纲”将是 2018 年我省普通高等学校招生英语听力考试命题的依据。 一、考试性质和目的 高考英语听力测试是普通高等学校招生考试的一个组成部分，测试着眼于提高学生语言应用能力，尤其是测试 考生理解口头英语的能力，促进英语学科的教学改革。 二、考试内容和要求 高考英语听力测
2、试要求考生能听懂日常生活中内容熟悉、发音清晰、语速适当的简短对话和独白。听力试题的设置严格按照“继续加强语言测试的交际原则，加大语言交际能力的考查力度”的要求，更加全面地考查学生综合运用语言的能力。 听力部分提供的语言材料是口语表达形式的对话或独白，每段对话和独白都涉及到某一特定话题，具有特定的交际情境。 高考英语听力测试主要考查考生以下能力： （ 1）听清、听懂对话或独白内容的能力。这就需要掌握基本的语音知识，特别注意口语中 经常出现的连读、弱化、失去爆破、同化、语调、重音等。 （ 2）理解对话或独白，分析、确认事实细节的能力。有时听力材料反映的相关内容，试题中可能会以不同方式表达出来，但意
3、义却是一样的。 （ 3）把握整体内容，进行概括总结，理解主旨大意的能力。 （ 4）根据材料内容，或者说话者的语气、语调，进行推理、判断的能力。 2 （ 5）根据材料内容或背景信息，推测相关具体内容，如时间、地点、场合、身份、态度、关系等。 三、考试形式与试卷结构 根据省上有关要求，命题采用闭卷的方式，考试时间为 30 分钟，试卷满分为 30 分。试卷包括简短对话 、对话、独白等题型，共分两节。第一节是五段短对话（一般为一问一答形式），每段对话后设一个小题（共5 小题，每小题 1 5 分），要求考生从每小题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话的录音材料仅读一遍。第二节是五段长对话或独白，每段对
4、话或独白后设几个小题（共 15 小题，每小题 1 5 分），要求考生从每小题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白的录音材料读两遍。对话部分由一男一女朗读（一般为英音），谈话双方的声音特点明显不同，身份明确；考生实际的听力理解时间一般控制为 20 分钟左右。无论是上述哪一种类型的试题，都将 放在真实的语境中进行考查，而不会把脱离语境的语言材料作为考试内容。 测试安排：听力测试正式开考前 10 分钟开始分发试卷、答题卡和试音（两者同时进行），等播音中出现“试音到此结束”时立即停止播放，不要将磁带倒回开头处，待等到听力考试正式考试信号时继续播放。此时英语听力测试正式开始，考生根据测试内容开始
5、按语音提示作答。 答题方式：考生根据所听到的对话或独白从每题所给的题目中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，最终必须涂在答题卡上。 试题难易度由低到高按 7： 2： 1 比例命题，即考查基础知识和基本技能的试题占 70%，考 查学生灵活运用语言知识能力、难度稍高的试题占 20%，有一定深度的较难试题占 10%。 四、命题原则、命题特点及素材特点 1命题原则 听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。英语听力试题是为了考查学生理解口头英语的能力。听的能力反映在听的过程中，对说话者所发出的信息进行辨别、判断和理解。普通高中英语课程标准中对听力的二级目标要求应是我省听力试题命题的重要参考依据。
6、它要求考生能听懂英美人士的录音材料，能听懂所学语言范围内用正常语速谈论日常生活的内容，能听懂没有生词、题材熟悉、难度略低于所学材料的语段 ，语速为每分钟 120 个词。听力二级目标要求考生做到：听一3 遍能理解大意，听二至三遍能了解其中重要的细节，理解正确率要求达到 70%。 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语学科考试说明指出， 听力理解是领会语言语义的一项重要能力，听者要对听到的语音信号进行复杂加工，整个过程是一个非常积极 、 非常活跃的动态过程，是背景知识、语境和语言知识相互撞击、相互作用，对听力材料不断吸收 、 最终形成理解的过程。 2018 年的甘肃省高考英语听力测试将进一步在 2017
7、 年的基础上，继续以检测学生理解和获取信息的能力为重点，更加注重考查学生 的听力技能。 2命题特点 1）强调话语的整体理解； 2）强调口语的真实性； 3）强调对社会语言策略的具体把握； 4）强调情感、情绪因素在口语表述中的重要作用； 5）强调听力技能的熟练运用； 6）选材尽量贴近学生、贴近生活、贴近时代。 具体表现在： 1、大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话，具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然、真实，符合在非测试状态下英语口语在日常生活中运用的真实情景。 2、题材广泛，内容涉及日常生活、文化教育、风土人情、传说故事、时事新闻、科普知识、人物传记等许多方面，话题明确，主题突出，有利于全面有效地检
8、测考生在不同生活实际环境下对所学语言的接受能力。 3、听力材料一般由 5 段 1-2 个回合的简短对话和 5 段 3-5 个回合的较长对话或独白组成，该部分语句结构和内容层次比前一部分简短对话略显复杂。但一般来说，除一些专有名词外，材料中一般没有生词。 4、题干和选项一般比较简短，各选项的长度、难度和结构基本一致。 5、语速自然，相当于真实生活中人们讲话的正常语速。 6、听力材料一般由英籍专家朗读，但将来也可能会有美音、甚至澳大利亚和加拿大音，乃至背景音，体现语言的真实性、交际性和实用性。 4 3素材特点 听 力理解的语言材料有别于阅读材料，具体表现在：句子短，语言结构不如书面语言那么严谨，且
9、多余信息多（诸如 you know, listen, well, I mean, you see 等），内容多为贴近学生生活或日常交际生活中的对话或独白，它来源于生活，体现生活，和我们日常生活有密切联系，具有口语特征，诸如犹豫、停顿、重复、思考、重音、略音、拖长音、被打断、语序颠倒等，句子简短等。同时，录音文字材料的语言难度也略低于阅读材料，材料中一般不会出现生词，但个别不影响理解的词汇也有可能出现；选项中能用单词的不用短语，能 用短语的不用句子，不用复杂的句子作选项；听力试题不考查语法知识；问题常以特殊疑问句的形式出现，不以一般疑问句的形式出现。 听力语言材料的内容主要涉及日常生活、文化教育
10、、风土人情、时事和科普常识等方面。常见的日常生活的话题有：问候、邀请、看病、约会、聚餐、购物、通知、问路、打电话、谈论天气、询问时间、自然灾害、新闻报道等等内容。听力语言材料的长度适宜，既有足够的信息量供试题设计问题，又不会给考生增加记忆负担，最长的一段语言材料只有 150 个词左右（近两年的试题情况），最短的对话也创设了一个较明确的语境。 五、命 题程序及方法 命题既是一种学术水平的体现，也是一门技术。为了使试题既符合教学大纲对学习内容的目标要求，又能体现考试评价改革的新理念，命题一般要经过以下步骤： 1 学习教学大纲（包括教材）及标准中有关听力要求的内容，研读 2018 年甘肃省普通高等学
11、校招生外语听力测试大纲中的有关规定。 2 制定“双向细目表”。 3 选择拟出题的各个分项。在“双向细目表”中，利用打“”等方式选择在哪些知识点上命题。所命试题的题型、难度、分值应符合 2018年甘肃省普通高等学校招生外语听力测试大纲中的“一、二、三”尤其是 “三、考试方式与试卷结构”的要求。 4 利用前三步拟定好的双向细目表开始命题。 5讨论修改。当试题命制完毕后，每个命题人应根据“双向细目表”5 认真阅读自己命制的试题，并做适当的调整或修改。 6拼卷。当试题修改后，经过集体讨论就可以拼卷了，讨论时应该说明所命试题的出处等。拼卷时，要注意由易到难排列。拼好试卷后，再认真考虑整卷的难度、各考查内
12、容的比例、赋分等。最后，根据整卷分析情况进行个别试题的调整、修改或重新命制。 7 审题。当试卷拼好并进行调整后，即可审题，审题时，既要审查每道试题的科学性，还要考虑效度、 信度、难度，以及整卷的内容比例、难度比例等。 8 根据审题意见进行修改。 在命题过程中要避免试题中出现不规范性和随意性，要特别注意其中的第 3 至第 5 步骤。 六、题型示例 一、考查简短对话 1 How much did the woman weigh before she began to lose weight? A. 165 pounds. B. 190 pounds. C. 140 pounds. 二、考查长对话
13、W： You are thinner than you used to be, arent you? M： I am sure! Ive lost 25 pounds and I feel great. Im down to 165 pounds now. M： Im going to the cinema tonight. Would you like to go, Rebecca? W： Whats on? M： Its a Western movie: A Cowboy Comes Home. I read the book about it. Its really interestin
14、g. W： But theres Western on TV tonight. Why bother to turn out and pay for a cinema seat. M： Do you think thatll be the same movie? Whats more, movies on TV are nearly always old and they were probably made ten years ago. But A Cowboy Comes Home is a new one. And in the cinema theres a wide screen a
15、nd the color is better. And a movie can make everything more exciting and vivid. W： Youre right. But you cannot choose your program, and its a waste of money to walk out on the middle if youre bored. Here at home its so easy to turn off the TV, not that I do turn it off very often though. M： Ah, I n
16、ow know. Thats just it. Youre drugged by it: youve given up your old interests. W： Youre probably right. But Ill go out with you tonight, just for a change. All right? M： Oh, no , I go almost every year. Unfortunately, its always on space-related business, so Ive only seen the inside of conference r
17、ooms and factories. I havent had the chance to 6 2 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Watching TV or going to the movies. B. Reading a book or watching TV at home. C. Staying at home or eating out in the evening. 3. Why does the woman say going to the movies can be a waste of money? A. Y
18、ou have to pay for the ticket which is much too expensive. B. You have no choice as to what movie youd like to see. C. You may leave the cinema when you do not like the movie. 4. Where is the man from? A. America. B. Hong Kong. W： Hilton Hotel. M： Please give me the desk. W： Reservations. Can I help
19、 you? M： Im a teacher of the University of New York, Im coming to attend an annual conference on American Literature in Hong Kong next month. Could I make a reservation in your hotel? W： Sure you can. Its our pleasure to do whatever we can to serve our guests. May I ask how many of you would be trav
20、eling together and when youll be arriving here? M： Two of us will arrive on Sep.11th. W： That would be fine. Uhm, what sort of room do you like to reserve? M： I would like to book two single rooms with private baths. W： How long do you plan to stay here? M： Probably from Sep.11th to 17 th . W： OK. W
21、e can arrange that. M： By the way, Could you let me know how much you charge? W： The charge for a single room with bath is 50 dollars a day. On top of that there is a 12 percent service charge. This does not, of course, include lunch or dinner. M: OK. W: Then Ill send you a written confirmation that
22、 the reservation has been made. Your name, please? M: Robert Smith. W: Your telephone number? M: 121-3452. W: 121-3452. Am I right? M: Yeah. W: Well be happy to look after you during your stay here. M: Thank you very much. 7 C. Europe. 5. When will the man leave the hotel? A. On Sep.11th. B. On Sep.
23、 17th. C. On Sep. 16th. 6. What can you learn from the conversation? A. The man will have free breakfast or dinner at hotel. B. The man will stay at hotel for 5 days. C. The total charge for a single room with bath is 50 dollars a day, including 12 percent service charge. 三、考查独白 7. What did the man
24、have to do in the morning ? A. He fed the chickens. B. He cleaned the bathroom. C. He carried water for the family. 8. Why did the man go to school foot ? A. No bus ran in that direction. B. The school was near. C. His family was poor. 9. What did the man do every Sunday ? A. He was taken to church
25、three times. B. He stayed at home all day. C. He played in the street. 10. What can we learn from what the speaker said ? A. He is a retired teacher of history. Now, you want to know about life in the past. Right? I can tell you. When I was a boy, things were different. I had to get up at six every
26、morning. That was not very bad in summer, but in winter it was cold. And we didnt have any hot water in the house. We had to wash in cold water. We didnt have a bathroom. My dad had some chickens. I had to feed them every morning and then I had to walk to school with my little sister. It was two mil
27、es to school and two miles back in the evening. But it always seemed longer in the morning when we were going to school. There was a bus, but we didnt have the money. And we had to go to bed at seven oclock every night. We couldnt watch TV because there wasnt any. On Sundays we had to go to church t
28、hree times - morning, afternoon and evening. And we couldnt play outside on Sundays. But it wasnt all bad. We had some good times. We could go out and our parents didnt have to worry about us. There werent so many cars on the roads then, so the streets were safe to play in. And there were not many r
29、obbers and thieves in those days. We had to work hard and we werent able to buy all those things in the shops today. Life was hard, but it was simple and people were happier. I dont think Id like to be young today. 8 B. He thinks children were happier in the past. 2018 年甘肃省普通高等学校招生考试 英语听力测试样卷（ 一 ） 注
30、意事项： 1本试卷共两节，满分 30 分，考试时间 30 分钟。 2答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卡及试卷上。 3每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能写在试卷上。 4考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷 的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much
31、 is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.15. C. 9.18. 答案是 B。 1 Where are the speakers heading? A To Oxford Street. B To Buckingham Palace. C To a police station. 2 What time does the BBC news end? A At 6 30. B At 7 00. C At 7 30. 3 What will Rose do this Sunday? A Go to the movies. B Attend the English party.
32、C Celebrate her fathers birthday. 4 How will the woman come home? A Susan will take her home. B Her father will pick her up. C Susans mother will drive her home. 5 What do we know about the man? A He is rather tired. 9 B He is quite confident. C He doesnt work hard. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
33、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小 题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、 7 题。 6 Where does the conversation take place? A In the library. B In the classroom. C In the teachers office. 7 What will be left on the board? A The new
34、words. B The drills and examples. C The new words and drills. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8 How will the speakers go to New York? A By bus. B By taxi. C By air. 9 Why are the speakers making the trip? A For travelling. B For a conference. C For shopping. 10 What is the probable relationship between the s
35、peakers? A Fellow workers. B Husband and wife. C Driver and passenger. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11 Why does the woman like San Francisco? A It has less traffic. B People there are friendlier. C It has plenty of good food and music. 12 Where does the woman come from? A Pennsylvania. B San Francisco. C
36、 China. 10 13 What does the woman think of the mans English? A Acceptable. B Excellent. C Strange. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。 14 What does John do now? A Hes a trainer. B Hes a tour guide. C Hes a college student. 15 How much can a new person earn for the first year? A $10,500. B $12,000. C $15,000. 16
37、 How many people will the woman hire? A Four. B Three. C Two. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17 What does the speaker mainly talk about? A The plan for today. B The language skills. C An introduction of the center. 18 How many parts does the test include? A Three. B Four. C Five. 19 When can the listeners ask many questions? A After the speaker finishes his talk. B When they meet in small groups. C When they take a campus tour. 20 What will the listeners do this afternoon? A Begin their first lesson. B Get into small classes. C Take a campus tour.
