1、MOV（英文为 Move）：对内部数据寄存器 RAM 和特殊功能寄存器 SFR 的数据进行传送；MOVC（Move Code）读取程序存储器数据表格的数据传送；MOVX (Move External RAM) 对外部 RAM 的数据传送；XCH (Exchange) 字节交换；XCHD (Exchange low-order Digit) 低半字节交换；PUSH (Push onto Stack) 入栈；POP (Pop from Stack) 出栈；（2）算术运算类指令（8 种助记符）ADD(Addition) 加法；ADDC(Add with Carry) 带进位加法；SUBB(Subtr
2、act with Borrow) 带借位减法；DA(Decimal Adjust) 十进制调整；INC(Increment) 加 1；DEC(Decrement) 减 1；MUL(Multiplication、Multiply) 乘法；DIV(Division、Divide) 除法；(3)逻辑运算类指令（10 种助记符）ANL(AND Logic) 逻辑与；ORL(OR Logic) 逻辑或；XRL(Exclusive-OR Logic) 逻辑异或；CLR(Clear) 清零；CPL(Complement) 取反；RL(Rotate left) 循环左移；RLC(Rotate Left thr
3、ought the Carry flag) 带进位循环左移；RR(Rotate Right) 循环右移；RRC (Rotate Right throught the Carry flag) 带进位循环右移；SWAP (Swap) 低 4 位与高 4 位交换；(4)控制转移类指令（17 种助记符）ACALL（Absolute subroutine Call）子程序绝对调用；LCALL（ Long subroutine Call）子程序长调用；RET（Return from subroutine）子程序返回；RETI（Return from Interruption）中断返回；SJMP（Short
4、 Jump）短转移；AJMP（Absolute Jump）绝对转移；LJMP（ Long Jump）长转移；CJNE (Compare Jump if Not Equal)比较不相等则转移；DJNZ (Decrement Jump if Not Zero)减后不为则转移；JZ (Jump if Zero)结果为则转移；JNZ (Jump if Not Zero) 结果不为则转移；JC (Jump if the Carry flag is set)有进位则转移；JNC (Jump if Not Carry)无进位则转移；JB (Jump if the Bit is set)位为则转移；JNB (
5、Jump if the Bit is Not set) 位为则转移；JBC(Jump if the Bit is set and Clear the bit) 位为则转移，并清除该位；NOP (No Operation) 空操作；（5）位操作指令（1 种助记符）SETB(Set Bit) 位 置 。1.通用数据传送指令. MOV- move MOVSX-extended move with sign data MOVZX-extended move with zero data PUSH-push POP-pop PUSHA-push all POPA-pop all PUSHAD-push
6、all data POPAD-pop all data BSWAP-byte swap XCHG-exchange CMPXCHG-compare and change XADD-exchange and add XLAT-translate 2.输入输出端口传送指令. IN-input OUT-output 3.目的地址传送指令. LEA-load effective address LDS-load DS LES-load ES LFS-load FS LGS-load GS LSS-load SS 4.标志传送指令. LAHF-load AH from flag SAHF-save AH
7、 to flag PUSHF-push flag POPF-pop flag PUSHD-push dflag POPD-pop dflag 二、算术运算指令 ADD-add ADC-add with carry INC-increase 1 AAA-ascii add with adjust DAA-decimal add with adjust SUB-substract SBB-substract with borrow DEC-decrease 1 NEC-negative CMP-compare AAS-ascii adjust on substract DAS-decimal ad
8、just on substract MUL-multiplication IMUL-integer multiplication AAM-ascii adjust on multiplication DIV-divide IDIV-integer divide AAD-ascii adjust on divide CBW-change byte to word CWD-change word to double word CWDE-change word to double word with sign to EAX CDQ-change double word to quadrate wor
9、d 三、逻辑运算指令 AND-and OR-or XOR-xor NOT-not TEST-test SHL-shift left SAL-arithmatic shift left SHR-shift right SAR-arithmatic shift right ROL-rotate left ROR-rotate right RCL-rotate left with carry RCR-rotate right with carry 四、串指令 MOVS-move string CMPS-compare string SCAS-scan string LODS-load string
10、STOS-store string REP-repeat REPE-repeat when equal REPZ-repeat when zero flag REPNE-repeat when not equal REPNZ-repeat when zero flag REPC-repeat when carry flag REPNC-repeat when not carry flag 五、程序转移指令 1无条件转移指令(长转移) JMP-jump CALL-call RET-return RETF-return far 2条件转移指令(短转移,-128 到+127 的距离内) JAE-ju
11、mp when above or equal JNB-jump when not below JB-jump when below JNAE-jump when not above or equal JBE-jump when below or equal JNA-jump when not above JG-jump when greater JNLE-jump when not less or equal JGE-jump when greater or equal JNL-jump when not less JL-jump when less JNGE-jump when not gr
12、eater or equal JLE-jump when less or equal JNG-jump when not greater JE-jump when equal JZ-jump when has zero flag JNE-jump when not equal JNZ-jump when not has zero flag JC-jump when has carry flag JNC-jump when not has carry flag JNO-jump when not has overflow flag JNP-jump when not has parity fla
13、g JPO-jump when parity flag is odd JNS-jump when not has sign flag JO-jump when has overflow flag JP-jump when has parity flag JPE-jump when parity flag is even JS-jump when has sign flag 3循环控制指令(短转移) LOOP-loop LOOPE-loop equal LOOPZ-loop zero LOOPNE-loop not equal LOOPNZ-loop not zero JCXZ-jump whe
14、n CX is zero JECXZ-jump when ECX is zero 4中断指令 INT-interrupt INTO-overflow interrupt IRET-interrupt return 5处理器控制指令 HLT-halt WAIT-wait ESC-escape LOCK-lock NOP-no operation STC-set carry CLC-clear carry CMC-carry make change STD-set direction CLD-clear direction STI-set interrupt CLI-clear interrupt 六、伪指令 DW-definw word PROC-procedure ENDP-end of procedure SEGMENT-segment ASSUME-assume ENDS-end segment END-end
