1、2017年初中英语复习交流,书面表达,一、学生写作时的常见问题,1.审题不清，文体不对2.要点不全，条理不清楚3. 离题细节过多，文章冗长4.语法错误（名词单复数，动词时态语态，代词、介词的使用，主谓一致，中式英语现象）5.单词拼写错误6. 书写不规范，卷面不整洁,满分率低，普遍学生得分率较低,怎么办？,一、日常教学中自己写作教学的感悟与尝试,三、书面表达的复习建议,二、近年书面表达的简要分析,四、高频话题写作指导,日常教学中自己写作教学的感悟与尝试,英语课程标准规定：初中毕业生英语写作技能要达到能够运用所学语言知识与技能进行信息沟通、再现生活经历、描述周围事物、发表意见和观点的能力。,一、英
2、语课程标准对英语写作技能的要求,（一）、活用教材的素材,培养学生创造性思维。（二）、增加积累，要求学生收集在平时的阅读 中摘录好词好句。（三）、 加大课外阅读量。,二、写作教学的感悟与尝试,（一）.活用教材的素材,培养学生创造性思维,1在听“Listening”的过程中提高写作能力,听是语言的输入，写是语言的输出。新教材每单元都有大量的听力材料，这为语言的输出做好了铺垫。在听力教学中，可以让学生复述听力材料，同时还让他们写在作文本上，也可以自己设计写作任务，请学生根据听力内容进行写作（编对话、作报告等方式）。,“以听促写”,例如：Unit6 Im going to study computer
3、 science(八年级 上 Section A 1b)）,Girl: What do you want to be when you grow up?Cheng Han : I want to be a teacher.Girl: Are you going to move to Beijing?Cheng Han: No, Im going to move to Shang Hai.Girl: And how are you going to become a teacher?Cheng Han: Well, Im going to learn how to teach children.
4、Girl: When are you going to do start?Cheng Han: Im going to finish high school and college first.,例如：Unit6 Im going to study computer science(八年级 上 Section A 1b)）,Why,在听完听力后，老师可设计简单的任务： My dream,I am going to be a teacher when I grow up. Because I love children very much, I believe I can get on with
5、 them. I will teach them how to read carefully and how to play happily. I think its very happy to stay with children. How am I going to be a teacher? First :I must study hard and do well in all my lessons at school. Second: when I finish high school and college ,I am going to learn how to teach chil
6、dren. Shanghai is a beautiful city, I am going to move to Shanghai. I am looking forward to achieving my beautiful dream.,2在说“Speaking”的过程中提高写作能力,学生口语句型结构和表达方法是他们学习写作的基础。在对话的教学中，除了听录音、对话、表演和编写相似的对话外，还可以要求学生把对话改写成一段短文，这样就要求学生在变成短文的过程中，注意时态、语态、人称和前后的逻辑关系，从而为写作打下基础.,“以说促写”,例如：八年级上Unit1( Section A 2d对话)
7、, Lisa告诉Mandy自己玩了长时间电脑感到不适，然后Mandy给出建议，在对此对话的认真学习之后, 教师应有意识地设计小作文： 你的朋友Jack由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头痛、眼睛不舒服、腰背酸痛，并且睡不好觉。写一篇短文介绍一下他的情况，并给出你对他的建议。,Jack is my friend. He likes playing computer games very much. He often sits in the same way for too long without moving. Now he has a headache, sore eyes and a sore b
8、ack. He doesnt sleep well at night, so he feels tired every day. I think he should take breaks away from the computer. He shouldnt use the computer for a long time. He should do eye exercises to relax his eyes .And he should go to bed early at night.I think if he has a good rest, he will feel well s
9、oon.,3在读“Reading”的过程中提高写作能力,“以读促写”,（1）仿写,（2）续写,方法一：精复习，巧仿写,方法二：重复述，巧仿写,写“读后感”，迁移新话题,阅读中提高写作能力,T：When did the story happen ？S：At 9:00 am.T：Where did the story happen?S：OnZhuanghua RoadT：Who was in the story？S： The bus driver, passenger, an old man , a womanT：What happened to the old men?S： The old ma
10、n had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.T: What did the bus driver do ?S: The bus driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road, he stopped without thinking twice. He expected the passengers to get offThe passenger agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped him to move the man o
11、nto the busT：How was the result?S：With the help of the bus driver and the passengers.the old man was saved on time by the doctor.,首先，结合教材设计了revision环节，将本节写作课所涉及的“5W，1H”句式和写作所需素材进行了高强度快节奏的问答操练，让学生尽可能地获取下阶段写作教学中所需的信息，完成“输出”前的“输入” 。,（1）仿写,方法一：精复习，巧仿写,例如八年级下册Section A 3a谈论一名司机及时救一位老人的故事。,其次，带着学生一起对刚才的re
12、vision环节进行梳理总结，与学生一起将刚才凌乱的字词、句子串起来形成了如下材料 : At 9:00 am yesterday，the bus driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road when he went along Zhuanghua Road.,最后，引导学生变换人称，进行整体感知，反复朗读。 My father is a bus driver. His name is Wang ping. He is a kind man, He always likes helping others. At 9:00 am yest
13、erday ,he saw an old man lying on the road when he was going along.He stopped.got off and askedhe knewtoldexpectedagreed with,方法二：重复述，巧仿写,教师可以要求学生开展“复述接力”活动，通过这一系列活动，学生理解并掌握了文章中的重点单词、词组和句法的用法。 “复述接力”: At 9:00 a.m yesterday，the bus driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road when he went alon
14、g Zhuanghua Road. 让学生根据要求对原文从不同角度、不同人称、不同活动形式进行再创造, 这是培养学生写作能力的一条有效途径。 My father is a bus driver. His name is Wang ping. He is a kind man, he always likes helping others. At 9:00 am yesterday ,he saw an old man lying on the road when he was going along.He stopped.got off and askedhe knewtoldexpected
15、agreed with,在阅读教学中, 可以让学生记录下复述课文的内容、 写 “读后感” 等，通过本单元的话题讨论来提升，深化学生的写作能力。 From the story , I was deeply moved .,（2）续写,迁移新的话题 Helping others makes me happy,Should we help them when people need help?,选自学生作业,Should we help them when people need help?,选自学生作业,4.利用图片“picture”培养学生发散思维能力 (讨论-分组写作-小组间的互改-展示 )
16、本教材图文并茂, 材料丰富, 借助于每个单元相关话题中的图片来激发了学生用口、笔来表达思想的欲望。教师可以让学生先看课本上的图片进行分组讨论，然后进行完整的复述，最后，让每个人写出相应的作文。,A:You dont look well. Your face looks a bit red.B: Yeah, and my head feels very hot. What should I do?A: Maybe you have a fever. You should take your temperature. B: Yes, youre right.,should 应该 情态动词,后接动
17、词原形,Conversation 1,友谊类：A friend is easier lost than found. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 学习类：A good beginning makes a good ending. A good beginning is half done. Its never too old to learn.时间类： Time is money . Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today. Time and tied wait for no man.
18、环保类： Earth is our home, you rely on green. Save the earth, Our Only Home. As we know , water is very important to man.,（二）.增加积累，要求学生收集在平时的阅读中摘录好词好句。,健康类：Health is happiness.健康就是幸福。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away.励志类： Failure is the mother of success. Where there is a will, there is a way. Noth
19、ing is impossible if you put your heart into it. You have to believe in yourself. Thats the secret of success. 其它： Practice makes perfect. (熟能生巧),除教材外，尽量多用阅读浅显易懂的报刊、杂志，丰富课外阅读，这是加强学生英语写作能力的有效途径。在平时的阅读中强调文章结构的严谨和互为铺垫烘托的作用，对课本中的文章列出文章主线和优美词句，让学生有积累语言素材的习惯并体会语言的美丽和逻辑完整性。,(三).课外阅读,（四）.培养写日记的好习惯,近年书面表达的简要
20、分析,一、云南省历年英语中考作文题：,二、书面表达命题特点：1、体裁以记叙文（夹议夹叙考查频率高）、应用文为主进行考查。2、写作的话题，贴近学生的学习、生活实际，体现人文关怀，注重学生的真实体验和内心世界，符合学生的年龄特点和生活实际，力求做到让学生“有话可说，说真话；有情可抒，抒真情”，给了学生自由发挥的空间，有利于他们表达自己的真实感受,3、写作的主题体现情感、态度、意志、责任、价值观。4、试题贴近当时的教育新闻和热点，有一定的实效性；5、写作所需的时态为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时。6、人称以第一二人称为主。,三、中考英语作文常考话题,1.人物故事（自己、家庭、朋友、老师、个人变化
21、、个人感受等）2.假日旅行3.校园生活（春游、校规、科目、学习困难等）4.课外生活（家庭生活、家务劳动、个人爱好等）5.计划愿望6.节假日活动（志愿者活动、过去经历）7.环境保护8.健康生活（疾病、食品健康等）9.情感表达（与人分享、关爱他人）10.安全问题11.观点态度,书面表达复习的建议,一、考前书面表达强化训练原则：1、从简易、基础话题开始，吃透“三个一般”的时态写作训练，为后续的写作做好铺垫。 My life 10 years ago My life My life in 10 years2. 强化中考主要体裁的写作训练（1）人物描写（2）一件事的描写（3）夹议夹叙体裁写作,3、从“分
22、类过关”开始，逐一把关，举一反三，触类旁通，联动训练。（1）描述过去发生的事件（2）描写未来计划发生的文章（3）通过记叙一件事情，体现或表达某种情感（4）建议、鼓励或感谢4.引导学生学会写作过程的迁移,从而实现同一素材、话题用于不同的写作题目中。,My English teacher 我的英语老师 I like my English teacher very much. She is Miss Green. She is young. She has beautiful and a pair of big eyes. We often find something from her eyes,
23、 such as happiness, sadness and so on. As a teacher, she loves teaching and she is strict with us. Sometimes I fear her a little. Miss Green is kind to us. After class, she often talks with us. She tells us all the things in the world. She gives us not only knowledge but also many other things. This
24、 is my English teacher. I like my English teacher. 根据这篇文章要求会写My mother My friend I cant forget the people等相关的文章。,How to face difficulty?,I was weak in English two years ago. I always failed in English exams,. But I thought I could study it well as long as I tried my best to study it, so I didnt give
25、 up studying but studied harder at it. I listened to the teacher more carefully and took notes in class. I spoke and read it as much as possible. I finished homework on time. I asked the teacher for help. Finally, I made great progress and succeed in the final exam.,可迁移到以下题目中来,HappinessI should say
26、thanks to An unforgettable thing My favorite personI never forget A real friend,How to,Its important for us toBut how can we do it. Here are a few opinions.Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally (First, then ,Next, Besides, Whats more, At last) In a word In shortAll in all, We should I think believe If
27、 youwe,How To Get On Well With Classmates,Its very important to get on well with classmates. If you can get on well with them, It can take us happiness and warmth. It can make our life colorful and lively. （第一段 总体阐述文章主题观点及价值）There are some advice for you.（过渡句，进入正题） Firstly, Learning to communicate w
28、ith classmates is necessary I think you should be brave enough to express your ideas, you should be active in group work in class and try to talk with your classmates at break. Secondly. Being friendly and helpful is also very important. If you want to get on well with your classmates, dont forget t
29、o say hello when you meet them. When your classmates are in trouble, you should help and encourage them to face difficulties. Finally. Share happiness and success with your classmates together. When you share your experience, happiness, even success to others, youll get more happiness and youll lean
30、 from each other. （分三点阐述建议） In a word, we should value friendship, we should get on well with classmates.（结尾：首尾呼应，进一步确定主题观点）,Making friends is a very important part of our life. Friends can give you a lot of help.,Firstly, if you are in trouble, you can turn to your good friends for help. Secondly,
31、you can play with them and have a good time. In short, we need friends. Thirdly, what is the true friendship? Some people think friends are people whom they can play with. However, I think a friend in need is a friend indeed. A true friend not only shares your happiness but also shares your trouble
32、and worry.,In short,I wish to make as many friends as possible, and I will try my best to make myself a good friend to others. Helping friends can make me happy.,How to make friends ?,范文： How to protect eyes? 如何保护眼睛? Everybody understands how important the eyes are! But how to protect the eyesight i
33、s still a problem among us students, or many of us. If you want to protect the eyes ,you should pay attention to the following points: Firstly, you should not keep your eyes working for a long time. After you have studied for a long time, you had better have a rest by looking in the distance. Second
34、ly, you should keep your books a foot from your eyes when you read them. Dont read in a poor light or in the sun. Dont read in a moving bus or in the bed. Thirdly, doing eye exercises every day in order to keep good eyesight.,二、总复习阶段抓好写作环节,1. 在词汇复习中渗透写作,2. 在语法复习中渗透写作,3.在听写小测中渗透写作,4. 批改和讲评中提升写作,按教材顺序
35、，先复习每单元的词汇再整合本单元话题相关的词、词组和句子，加大积累量,九年级 Unit 1 话题：Learning how to learn Talk about how to study,by reading aloud / by taking notes develop good learning habits the secret to language learning memorize sentence patterns look up the words in the dictionary review what we have learned / . . .,Practice m
36、akes perfect.Knowledge comes from questioning.There are some good ways to learn English.If you do this, youll make great progress. / . . .,如： 复习主格、宾格、物主代词时，写作：“My friend” 复习一般将来时，写作：“My dream” 复习一般现在时，写作：“Toms day” 复习“There be”句式和介词，写作：“My room”,词、词组的听写 + 摘抄本上的句子的听写或默写。,3.在听写听力中渗透写作,学生互改、老师批改、面批面改多种
37、做法，也可几种方法结合使用。,两人或四人小组,互相批改修改后上交,老师,选出好、中、差找出普遍性问题和典型错误,课上,学生先改错讲评总结范文（也可以是学生的习作）,三、书面表达的解题步骤,审,列,加,连,写,查,审要求、审文体、审时态、审人称、,审,列,理清思路，列出提纲,加,加首尾,开篇段的写作技巧：1.点题法：Its very important for us .My name is I have a . Different people have different ideas aboutThere are Now, Ill tell you an interesting a speci
38、al 2.设问法： Do you have? Whats ? Why do we learn?How do you know.?3.谚语式开头 例如 “The Value of Time” 一文可以这样开头 A proverb says “Time is money”, but I think time is even more important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it again. However, when time is gone, it will never return. Thats w
39、hy we must value our time. “How to face the difficulty?”一文可以这样开头 As the saying goes: “Nothing is impossible if you put you heart into it”, 4.下定义式开头 通过对文章要讨论的问题，尤其是人们不太熟悉的主题进行释义来引出论题此法易于点明主题，多用于说明文或议论文。 例如 “honesty”一文的开头可以这样：Honesty means speaking the truth and being fair in act. Honesty is a good ha
40、bit.,5.交代目的式开头 在文章的开头就点明作者的写作目的，直入主题。例如 “Language of communication”一文的开头可为： In order to master the skill to express yourselves in speaking and writing from the spoken and written words of others. No matter what you want to say, language is the most important skill you have to master.6.数据式开头 在开头引用一些调
41、查统计数据把问题摆在读者的面前，然后加以分析，借以提出主题。例如 “Childrens Crimes” 一文的开头可为： According to the local newspaper, each year there are about ten thousand children make kinds of crimes , and the number is still growing .7.故事式开头 文章一开始就讲一个你自己或他人生活中的一个故事，用生动而读者熟悉的趣事把读者吸引住，渐而引向主题。例如: “The right use of money” 一文可以这样开头： When
42、I was a little girl, in my eyes ,money was a wonderful thing. It meant candies, toys and beautiful thing. Now , I have grown up, I find that so many adults love money more than children.8）环境式开头 在文章的开头，先把人物，事件，环境以及事件发生的时间，地点或背景描述清楚，以此引出主题。例如 “My first day at school”一文可以这样开头： September 1st,2005 was my
43、 first day at Hongxing Middle School. Everything was new to me. There was a song in my heart and cheer on my face.,1.因果型： So I think As a result. For this reason2.归纳型： On the whole In a word To make a long story short.Finally， I hope Remember thatFrom what has been said above, we can seeWe can concl
44、ude thatI want to make a final point 3.表态型： I think its too I likedislike.In my opinionFrom this we know. LuckilyNothing is more important than,结尾段的写作技巧,连,指导学生把写好的句子根据事件发生的先后次序，使用一些表示并列、递进、转折的过渡词等对句子进行加工，使文章更加自然流畅。,查,全面仔细地检查（紧扣主题，行文逻辑,选词准确，语法正确,习惯表达是否正确）,写,规范书写，卷面整洁，字迹清秀,书写、卷面 - 一条隐藏的评分标准,书写、卷面 - 一条
45、隐藏的评分标准,You should be careful to make friends.You should think much more when you make friends.,She arrived early.She arrived as early as she could.,四、“写”的技巧 Writing skills,1. 善用高级词汇，增加文采,I dont eat junk food.I stay away from junk food.,I wish you can help me.Im looking forward to your help.,2. 活用多种
46、句型，表达灵活,他还小，搬不动这么重的箱子。,He is very young.He cant carry the heavy box.He is too young to carry the heavy box.He is so young that he cant carry the heavy box.He is not old enough to carry the heavy box.,3. 妙用关联词，行文流畅，增加层次感,表层次:1. first, second, third, last but not least 2. firstly, secondly, thirdly, f
47、inally 3. to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 4. to start with, next, in addition, finally 5. most important of all, moreover, finally 6. on the one hand, on the other hand 表转折: but, however, yet, though, although, after all, instead, instead of表因果: because, because of, so, therefore, thanks to, since, as a result, thus,
