1、1. add to 增加，增进 add to 把加进 add up 相加 add up to 总计，所有这一切说明 1) I dont think these facts will _ anything. 2) Fifty new books have been _ the library. 3) The music _ our enjoyment of the film. 4) You must have made a mistake when you _ the bill _. ( add up to, added to, add to, addedup )2. break away fr
2、om 打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉 break down 出毛病，身体(精神) 衰弱，分解，拆开 break off 暂停，中断 break in 强行进入，插话 break into 闯入break into pieces 成为碎片 break out 爆发 break up 捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散 break through 突破 1) The criminal managed to break _ _ the police and ran into the woods. 2) When he heard the news, he broke _ and cried. 3) Dont
3、break _ while others are speaking. 4) Why dont you break _ for a few minutes and have some coffee? 5) When does school break _? 6) After harvest we break _ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen. ( away from, down, in, off, up, up ) 3. bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 bring about 造成 bring out 拿出，出版 bring in 引入，引进
4、，挣钱 bring back 使回想起 bring down 使下降，使倒下 1) The shopkeeper brought his price _ to only five dollars. 2) The school has brought _ new foreign teachers to teach oral English. 3) The song brought _ happy memories of our schooldays. 4) Do you know what brought _ this misunderstanding? 5) The kind old man
5、agreed to bring _ the young orphan. 6) We decided to bring the matter _ at the next meeting. 7) The wind brought _ a lot of trees last night. 8) Next month they will bring _ a new edition of the book. ( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )4. call on 号召，拜访（某人） call at 拜访、参观（某地） call for 去叫某人 ,
6、要求, 需要 call up 使回忆起, 征召入伍 call in 召集，请某人来 call out 大喊，高叫 call off 取消，不举行1) Doctors are often called _ in the middle of the war. 2) Please wait for me at home. Ill call _ you at your house at seven tonight. 3) The trains call _ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou. 4) He called her name _
7、, but she didnt answer. 5) The sports meet was called _ on account of the rain. ( in, for, at, out, off)5. come about 发生，出现 come down 下跌，落，降，传下来 come in 进来 come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect) come on 来临/ 快点 come out 出版，结果是 come along 一道来，赶快 come to 达到 (an end/an agreement/a stop)苏醒，合
8、计，总共是 come over 走过来 come up 发芽，走近 come across 偶然碰到 come back 回想起 come from 来自，源自 1) I come _ the book I lent you last month. 2) How did it come _ that you both got lost? I thought you had a map. 3) It suddenly came _ to me where I had seen the boy before. 4) Come _ now, or else we shall be late. 5)
9、He came _ me like a tiger. 6) The price of petrol has come _ since the beginning of this year. 7) The word came _ use many years ago. 8) When the examination result came _, he had already got a job. 9)The bill came _ over a thousand dollars. 10) I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they havent co
10、me _ yet. ( for, about, back, on, at, down, into, out, to, up )6. cut across 抄近路 cut down 砍倒，削减 cut off 切断，割掉，断绝关系 cut up 连根拔除，切碎 through 剪断，凿穿 cut out 删（省）掉，戒掉 cut in 插嘴 1) Dont cut _ this tree. It will be very shady in summer. 2) You must cut _ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause
11、illness. 3) We decided to cut _ the moor（旷野） to the village. 4) Cutting the tree _ means cutting the tree into pieces. 5) The electricity was cut _ when the lady refused to pay the bill. 6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut _. （down, down, across, up, off, in ）7. die of (disease/hu
12、nger/grief/old age)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因） die from 死于（意外事故、情形） die away 渐渐消逝 die out 绝种 die down(炉火)渐熄 die off 逐一死去8. fall behind 落后 fall over ones feet 跌跤 fall down 掉下，跌倒 fall back 撤退，后退1) Babies often fall _ when they are learning to walk. 2) Our team seems to have fallen _ the others. 3) As soon as th
13、e enemies fell _, the people returned to their village. 4) She fell_ the bench and had her leg broken. （down, behind, back, over ） 9. go in for 从事，喜爱，参加 go through 通过，经受 go over 复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go after 追捕，追赶 go against 违反 go ahead 先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧 go away 离开 go by 时间过去 go down 下沉，降低， （日、月）西沉 go
14、on(with)继续进行 go with 相配，陪同 go without 没有，缺少 go out 外出，熄灭 go all out 全力以赴 go off 爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应 go back on 背约，食言 go beyond 超出1) Many new factories have gone _ in the past few years. 2) Rents have gone _ greatly recently. 3) Many years have gone _ since we first met. 4) Lets continue our journey unt
15、il the sun goes _. 5) His actions went _ the will of the people, 6) I cant do it, for it goes _ my duty. 7) Over 100 students went _ this entrance examination. 8) The bomb went _ and killed ten people. 9) The buyer went _ the car carefully before reaching a decision. 10) This tie doesnt go _ my blue
16、 shirt. 11) If you think you can solve the problem, go _. 12) Many students went _ playing basketball. (up, up, by, down, against, beyond, through, off, over, with, ahead, in for ) 10. get down 下来，记下，使沮丧get down to 致力于，专心于 get on 进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off 脱下,下车 get in 收集，插（话） get away 逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over 忘
17、记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复 get along with 进展，相处 get up 起床 get through 打通电话，完成，通过 get round 消息传开 get close to sth. 接近，几乎 get into (trouble) get to (know) get back 取回，收回 get out 1) She spoke so fast that I couldnt get _ what he said. 2) We will find ways to get _ difficulties. 3) The story has got _, and everyone
18、 knows about it. 4) When I get _ with the report, Ill go to the cinema. 5) After a delicious meal the two men got _ to business. 6) Dont always get _ a word when others are speaking. 7) It took me a long time to get _ such an unpleasant experience. (down, over, round, through, down, in, over)11. giv
19、e away 赠送，泄露，出卖 give out 发出，疲劳，分发，公布 give off 发出（光、热、气体） give in (to sb.) 屈服 give up 放弃，让（座位） 1) His accent at last gave him _. 2) The liquid gave _ a strong smell.3) The headmaster gave _ the names of the prize-winners. 4) The soldiers gave _ the town to the enemies. 5) Who will help me to give the
20、 books _? 6) Dont believe in those who give his friends _. 7) After a long walk, my strength gave _. (away, off, out, up, out, away, out)12. hand in 交上，提交 hand out 分发 hand down 流传，遗传13. hang about 闲逛 hang up 挂电话14. hold back 阻止，隐瞒 hold up 举起，使停顿 hold on 别挂电话，等，坚持 hold out 持续，坚持，伸出 hold down 控制，镇压 1)
21、 Im sure he is holding something _. 2) She managed to hold _ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried. 3) Tell him to hold _ a moment. Ill come soon. 4) Our food supply wont hold _ for more than a few days. 5) The train was held _ as a result of the floods. 6) These measures helped to h
22、old _ the citys population. 7) Hold _ your left arm, please. (back, back, on, out, up, down, up)15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持， keep up with 跟上 keep off (grass)不接近，离开 keep away from 避开，不接近，离 远远的 keep out of keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守 keep on 继续，坚持下来 keep back 阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下 keep from 克制，阻
23、止1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep _ from her. 2) I can hardly keep _ my tears after hearing his words. 3) Only pride kept her _ bursting into tears. 4) I can scarcely keep _ asking him what he has done. 5) “Dont touch me,“ screamed the woman, “Keep _!“ 6) Keep _ until you succeed. 7) Kee
24、p _ your courage, and youll succeed in the end. 8) The thick coat can keep the cold _. 9) Always try to keep _ the rules when you play a game. 10) I cant keep _ with everything youre doing. (away, back, from, from, off, on, up, out, to, up) 16. knock at/on 敲 knock into 撞到某人身上 knock down 撞倒 knock out
25、 of 把敲出 knock over 撞倒 knock off 停止工作，休息 1) The boxer soon knocked his opponent _. 2) The office stuff knocks _ at six every day. 3) Try knocking _ the window and see if there is anyone indoors. 4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked _ the car parked there. (down, off, on, into)17. leave f
26、or 离开前往 leave out 删去，遗漏 leave behind 遗留,忘记拿走 leave to 留给，遗嘱赠于 leave over 遗留，剩下，延期 1) “Whose name has been left _?“ demanded the teacher. 2) When he died, he left all his property _ his niece. 3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella _. 4) Dont leave this matter _ until tomorrow. 5) Leav
27、e some meat _ for tomorrow. 6) Those are questions left _ by history. (out, to, behind, over, over, over)18. look up 查找，向上看 look through 翻阅，浏览 look on 旁观 look onas 看作 look into 调查 look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找 look out(for)当心 look about / around/round 四下查看 look down upon 瞧不起 look back upon 回忆，回顾 look
28、 ab. up and down 仔细打量某人look ab in the face/eyes 直视某人 1) I spent two hours looking _ the students papers. 2)Look _! There is a big hole in front. 3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked _ and cheered for him. 4) The old man looked _ upon the days of his youth. 5) She was so snobbi
29、sh（势利）that she looked _ upon all his neighbours. 6) The police promised to look _ the case as soon as possible. 7) He looked _ but saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing. (through, out, on, back, down, into, about/around/round)19. make up 编造，配制，打扮，组成 make up for 弥补 make into / of / from 制成 mak
30、e out 弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单） make for 走向，驶往，促使 1) Can you make this length of cloth _ a suit? 2) I asked the driver if he was making _ London?3) My father made _ a check for me to buy the camera. 4) We must make the loss _ next week./ He tried hard to make _ for the damage he had done. 5) He made _ a st
31、ory, which I found hard to believe. 6) Someone is coming, but I cant make _ who it is. (into, for, out, up/up, up, out)20. pass away 去世 pass by 经过 pass down(on)to 传给 pass through 经历 pass over 漠视，忽视 1) The old clock has been passed _ to me from my grandfathers grandfather. 2) The man passed _ last we
32、ek in peace. 3) We are passing _ difficult times. 4) The secretary passed _ the details in the first part of his report. (down, away, through, over)21. pay back 还钱，报复 pay for 付钱，为受到惩罚，因 得到报应 pay off 还清 1) How much did you pay _ the dictionary? 2) You should pay _ the money you borrowed from me. 3) I
33、ll pay him _ for all his crimes(罪行) against me. 4) Some day, youll pay _ what you have done today. 5) Has she pay _ the debt yet? （for, back, back, for, off）22. pick up 拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language /knowledge)，恢复重获 (pick up health) pick out 挑选，辨认，看出 1) I picked the information _ while w
34、aiting in the queue. 2) My friend has arranged to pick me _ at 6:00. 3) The patient has picked _ health during the last two weeks. 4) She picked _ the most expensive pair of shoes. 5) I cant pick John _ in the crowd. 6) Can I pick _ VOA with this short-wave radio? 7) He fell down suddenly, but picke
35、d himself _ quickly. (up, up, up, out, out, up, up) pick cotton/flower/leaves/words 选词23. put up 搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下 put up with 忍受 put out 伸出，扑灭 put off 推迟 put into 放进，翻译 put away 放好，存钱 put down 记下，平息 put on 穿戴，上映，增加(put on weight/speed) put forward 提出，提前 put through 接通电话 put aside 放到一边 put back 放回
36、 1) He put _ half his wage every week. 2) The government soon put _ the revolt（暴乱） . 3) Put your watch _. Its slow. 4) He put _ his hand for me to shake. 5). Please put me _ to Extension（分机）2. 6) We put _ for night at the village inn. 7) He is very proud, and he often put _ airs.（摆架子） 8) We had a te
37、lephone put _ in our office. 9) I cant put _ with your laziness. (away, down, forward, out, through, up, on, up, up)24. pull down 拆掉，推翻 pull on 匆匆穿上 / off 脱 pull in 进站 pull out 取出,(火车)离站 pull down 往下拉 ,拆毁 pull over 驶到一边 pull through 恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境 pull up（使）停住 1) The train slowly pulled _ and disapp
38、eared in the distance. 2) All the old houses here have now been pulled _, and new ones are to be built. 3) The car pulled _ when I blew the horn. 4) The doctor thinks the man will pull _. 5) The driver pulled _ at the traffic lights. (out, down, over, through, up)25. push over 推倒，刮倒 push ahead(on, f
39、orward)继续前进，坚持下去 push through 排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过 1) Weve decided to push _ with our plan to build a new road 2) Many trees were pushed _ in the hurricane. 3) They were determined to push the new rules _ at any cost. 4) Take care not to push the baby _. 5) They pushed _ the crowd and at last reached
40、us. (on, over, through, over, through ) 26. run across 偶然碰到 run after 追逐，追捕 run away 逃跑 run for 竞选 run into 偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人） ，相撞 run out of 用完 1) If you drive so fast, youll run _ someone some day. 2) I ran _ a friend of mine in the exhibition. 3) Our water has run _. Can you fill up some more bottles?
41、 4) Why do you always run _ adventure? 5) He didnt want to run _ president that year. 6) In that way you will only run _ difficulties. ( into, across/into, out, after, for, into)27. see off 送行 see through 看透，识破 see to 照料，照管28. send for 派人去请 send off 送行 send out 发出（光亮）等 send up 发射29. set up 建立 set of
42、f 出发，触发，引起 set out 动身，着手(to do)，陈述 set about 开始着手 (doing) set to work(n.)开始做 set back 拨回，使推迟 1) I shall set my watch _ by five minutes. 2) We set _ reading the text aloud immediately the bell rang. 3) We set _ at daybreak yesterday and weve been travelling ever since then. 4) I set _ to advise him not to drink. 5) What were the reasons he set _ in
