1、1比较等级使用特别须知请同学们先看来自 2013年的几道中考题: 1. Ted was hard-working. His success made him work _.(2013 年,江西省) A. harder B. hardest C. more quickly D. most quickly 2. _ you hit the horse, _ it will go. (2013 年,广东省茂名市) A. Hard; fast B. The hard; the fast C. The harder; the faster 3. Debbie is growing fast. She i
2、s even _ than her mother. (2013 年,北京市) A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 分析:上面的三道中考题均是考查同学们对比较等级用法的掌握情况,答案分别是:1.A;2.C;3.B。下面我们就比较等级使用中应注意的地方作一探讨,供同学们学习时参考。 一、在使用最高级时,注意表示范围的介词 of或 in的选用 of 后面跟可数名词复数或 all等代词时,主语和 of后面的名词属于同一类人或物。in 后面跟表示组织、单位、团体之类的集体名词时,主语和 in后面的名词属于不同类别。例如: Tom is the youn
3、gest of the three boys. 汤姆是三个男孩当中年2龄最小的。 Tom is the youngest boy in our class. 汤姆是我们班里年龄最小的男孩。 二、注意比较级前面修饰语的使用 very, quite, so, too只能修饰形容词、副词的原级,比较级前的修饰语可以用表示程度的 much, a lot, far, a little, a bit, even, still等修饰。例如: He is a little (much) taller than I. 他比我个子高一点儿(多了) 。 I have many more books than you
4、. 我的书比你的多得多。 (注:many只可放在修饰可数名词的比较级前。 ) 三、注意连词 than和 as后面主格代词和宾格代词的选用 如果主句中的谓语动词是及物动词,两个主语相比时用主格代词,两个宾语相比较时用宾格代词。例如: I know you better than (I know) him. 你和他两个人相比,我还是更了解你。 如果谓语是不及物动词,或虽是及物动词,但不会引起歧义,则主格代词和宾格代词都可以用。例如: Helen jumps faster than he/ him. 海伦跳得比他远。 四、注意 than后面 other或 else的使用 在含有比较等级的句子中,有时
5、因为相比较的主语或宾语不能与自身相比,而要把相比较的主语或宾语排除在外。此时常借助 other或3else来表示这种排除。例如: Tom is taller than any other boy in the class.(=Tom is taller than any of the other boys in the class.) 汤姆比班里其他男孩都高(汤姆是班上个子最高的男孩。)(汤姆也在这个班里) 。 They laugh at me just because Im shorter than anyone else in the class. 我是班上个子最矮的一个, 他们为此而嘲笑
6、我。 五、注意比较结构中的 of the two 在含有比较级的句子中,如果 of the two表示比较范围,此时,比较级前要用定冠词 the。例如: The purse is the more beautiful of the two. 这个钱包是两个中较漂亮的一个。 This dictionary is the better of the two. 两本词典中,这本比较好一些。 六、注意两个比较对象的一致性 在使用比较级时, 比较的双方必须是同一类人或物,非同类的事物是不能进行比较的。例如: 他的钢笔比我的便宜。 误:His pen is cheaper than I. 正:His pe
7、n is cheaper than mine. 析:his pen 只能与 my pen相比较,这里的 mine = my pen。 冬季,北京的天气比上海冷。 4误:The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai in winter. 正:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai in winter. 析:介词短语做定语时,被比较的对象不能省略。为了避免重复,常用 that或 those来代替前面出现的名词。 七、注意最高级前面 the的使用 1.形容词最高级作表语,放在系
8、动词后面,成为谓语的一部分,用于同一人或同一事物的比较时,形容词的最高级前面不加 the。例如: The supermarket is busiest on Sundays. 这家超市周日最忙。 The children are happiest on Saturdays. 孩子们在周六最快乐。2形容词最高级前面有物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词修饰时,不用加定冠词 the。例如: Collecting stamps is my latest hobby. 集邮是我最近的爱好。 Those tallest boys in our class, please stand at the ba
9、ck.我们班个子最高的那些男同学,请站在后面吧。 八、注意“比较级 + and + 比较级”的使用 “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more + (多音节词的)原级”结构表示“越来越” 。例如: The snow is thicker and thicker. 雪越积越厚。 Nanchang is becoming more and more beautiful. 南昌变得越来5越漂亮了。 九、注意 “the + 比较级,the +比较级” 结构的使用 “the 比较级,the 比较级”结构表示“越就越” 。例如: The harder you work, the mo
10、re you will learn. 你越努力学习,学到的东西就越多。 The higher the tree, the stronger the wind. 树越高,风越大。十、注意倍数的表达法 两者相比,表示一个是另一个的多少倍时,可用“.times + more + 名词(可数,不可数)+ than.”结构,表示“比多少倍” 。例如: He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.他现在挣的钱比十年前多五倍。 There are twice more students in our class than in their
11、s. 我们班的学生数比他们班多两倍。 【学以致用】 1. Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _ one. A. less expensive B. the least expensive C. the less expensive D. the most expensive 2. I think Zibo is becoming _. (2013 年,山东省淄博市) 6A. more beautiful and more beautiful B. more and more cleaner C. more and more beautiful D.
12、clean and clean 3. The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I find it difficult. The doctor is right._ you eat, _ you will be.(2013 年,湖北省咸宁市) A. The less; the healthier B. The less; the more healthier C. The more; the healthier D. The more; the more healthier 4. The number of the students in our
13、school is _ than _. (2013 年,山东省威海市) A. much larger; that of No. 8 Middle School B. more larger; that of No. 8 Middle School C. much greeter; No. 8 Middle School D. more large; No. 8 Middle School 5. Many boy students think math is _ English. I agree. Im weak in English. (2013 年,湖北省十堰市)A. much diffic
14、ult than B. so difficult as C. less difficult than D. more difficult than 6. China is larger than _ in Africa. (2013 年,山东省7烟台市) A. the other countries B. any country C. any of the other countries D. any other country 7. What do you think of the house? It is much more beautiful than _. (2013 年,青海省) A. we B. us C. ours Keys: 1-5 C C A A C6-7 B C